中国农地细碎化问题研究进展

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.03.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为掌握中国农地细碎化问题研究进展,论文采用概括和比较分析的手段,从农地细碎化的概念内涵、主要研究内容、研究方法等方面对农地细碎化研究进行梳理和概括。归纳出已有研究的几个特点:①农地细碎化的内涵较为清晰且已经得到了广泛认可,但对细碎化程度的衡量方法还需进一步深入;②目前的中国农地细碎化研究主要集中在细碎化成因及其对农业生产的影响方面,以其负面影响的研究最为丰富;③农地细碎化与农地流转、土地整理的关系引起了研究的重视,但是目前主要集中于农地流转对减轻细碎化程度的探讨,土地整理对细碎化作用的研究十分缺乏;④农地细碎化研究涉及的主要是回归分析、生产函数模型等经济学研究方法,利用地理空间分析方法和景观生态学方法探讨农地细碎化问题的研究尚未见报道。最后探讨了还需要进一步深入研究的内容。

关键词: 土地经济学, 农地细碎化, 农业生产, 农地流转, 土地综合整治

Abstract: For the purpose of keeping abreast the development of farmland fragmentation analysis in China, this paper gives a comprehensive description of the research on farmland fragmentation by using the summary and comparison analysis approaches. The analysis is organized from three aspects flowed as the definition of farmland fragmentation, the main fields concerned by farmland fragmentation and the measurement method. The main features about the research of farmland fragmentation go as follows. Firstly, the connotation of farmland fragmentation is clear and has been widely recognized, but the measurement method for the degree of fragmentation still needs further study. Secondly, the farmland fragmentation research in China mainly focuses on the causes and the effects on agricultural production. Among them, the research on negative effects of agricultural production is most sufficient. Furthermore, the relationship between farmland fragmentation and land consolidation attracted more attention. The research on the relationship between farmland fragmentation and land transfer is quite inadequate. The last but not the least, the study on land fragmentation mainly uses economic research methods, such as production function and regression analysis. Geographical spatial analysis method and the method of landscape ecology have not been used in the research. Besides, some suggestions on further studies of decoupling are put forward in this paper. These suggestions include giving more concern on comparative study of different areas based on different economic and social background; strengthening the study on relationship between farmland fragmentation and comprehensive regulation of rural land; in order to expand the research angle and research content, trying to combine the discipline of geography with landscape ecology, especially using the methods of RS and GIS in farmland fragmentation.

Key words: land economics, farmland fragmentation, agricultural production, farmland transfer, land comprehensive regulation

中图分类号:

F301.21

吕晓, 黄贤金, 钟太洋, 赵雲泰. 中国农地细碎化问题研究进展[J]. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(3): 530-540.

Lü Xiao, HUANG Xian-jin, ZHONG Tai-yang, ZHAO Yun-tai. Review on the Research of Farmland Fragmentation in China[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2011, 26(3): 530-540.

参考文献

[1] 孙雁, 刘友兆. 基于细碎化的土地资源可持续利用评价——以江西分宜县为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2010, 25(5): 802-810. [2] Buck J L. Land Utilization in China[M]. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1937. [3] Bins B O. The Consolidation of Fragmented Agricultural Holdings[M]. Washington D C: FAO Agriculture Studies, 1950: 11. [4] King R L, Burton S P. Land fragmentation, notes on fundamental rural spatial problem[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 1982, 6 (4): 475-494. [5] Tin N, Cheng E J, Christopher F. Land fragmentation and farm productivity in China in the 1990s[J]. China Economic Review, 1996, 7(2): 169-180. [6] 李功奎. 农地细碎化、劳动力利用与农民收入. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2006: 8. [7] 许庆, 田士超, 邵挺, 等. 土地细碎化与农民收入: 来自中国的实证研究[J]. 农业技术经济, 2007(6): 67-72. [8] 王兴稳, 钟甫宁. 土地细碎化与农用地流转市场[J]. 中国农村观察, 2008(4): 29-35. [9] Bentley J W. Economic and ecological approaches to land fragmentation: In defense of a much-maligned phenomenon[J]. Annual Review of Anthropology, 1987, 16: 31-67. [10] Simons S. Land fragmentation in developing countries: The optimal choice and policy implications[J]. Explorations in Economic History, 1988, 25: 254-262. [11] 王兴稳. 农民间土地流转市场与农地细碎化. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2008: 15-17. [12] 孙雁,赵小敏. 分宜县土地细碎化的中观尺度研究[J]. 中国土地科学, 2010, 24(4): 25-31. [13] 周应堂, 王思明. 中国土地零碎化问题研究[J]. 中国土地科学, 2008, 22(11): 50-54. [14] Sklenicka P, Salek M. Ownership and soil quality as sources of agricultural land fragmentation in highly fragmented ownership patterns[J]. Landscape Ecology, 2008, 23(3): 299-311. [15] 李建林, 陈瑜琦, 江清霞, 等. 中国耕地破碎化的原因及其对策研究[J]. 农业经济, 2006(6): 21-23. [16] Blare B, Hazell P, Place F, et al. The economics of farm fragmentation: Evidence from Ghana and Rwanda[J]. The World Bank Economic Review, 1992, 6(2): 233-254. [17] Fenoaltea S. Risk, transaction costs, and the organization of medieval agriculture[J]. Explorations in Economic History, 1976, 13(2): 129-151. [18] 谭淑豪, 曲福田, Nico Heerink. 土地细碎化的成因及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国农村观察, 2003(6): 24-30. [19] 叶春辉, 许庆, 徐志刚. 农地细碎化的缘由与效应——历史视角下的经济学解释[J]. 农业经济问题, 2008(9): 9-15. [20] 许庆, 田士超, 徐志刚, 等. 农地制度、土地细碎化与农民收入不平等[J]. 经济研究, 2008(2): 83-93. [21] 王俊. 约束条件下中国农业生产要素配置均衡的演变与突破[J]. 西部论坛, 2010, 20(2): 81-88. [22] Falco S D, Penov I, Aleksiev A, et al. Agrobiodiversity, farm profits and land fragmentation: Evidence from Bulgaria[J]. Land Use Policy, 2010, 27 (3): 763-771. [23] Hristov J. Assessment of the impact of high fragmented land upon the productivity and profitability of the farms. http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/472/1/Hristov_J_010909.pdf, 2009. [24] Sherlund S M, Barrett C B, Adesina A A. Smallholder technical efficiency controlling for environmental production conditions[J]. Journal of Development Economics, 2002, 69(1): 85-101. [25] Parikh A, Shah K. Measurement of technical efficiency in the north-west frontier province of Pakistan[J]. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1994, 45(1): 132-138. [26] Wadud M, White B. Farm household efficiency in Bangladesh: A comparison of stochastic frontier and DEA methods[J]. Applied Economics, 2000, 32(13): 1665-1673. [27] 李功奎, 苗齐, 褚小明, 等. 农户对农地归整意愿的实证分析[J]. 中共南京市委党校南京市行政学院学报, 2007(2): 31-34. [28] 李功奎, 钟甫宁. 农地细碎化、劳动力利用与农民收入——基于江苏省欠发达地区的实证研究[J]. 中国农村经济, 2006(4): 42-48. [29] 吴洋, 聂勇, 胡振虎, 等. 家庭生命周期、土地细碎化与农户农业生产性投入[J]. 云南财经大学学报, 2008, 24(1): 70-75. [30] Fleisher C M, Liu Y H. Economies of scale, plot size, human capital and productivity in Chinese agriculture[J]. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 1992, 32(3): 112-123. [31] 万广华, 程恩江. 规模经济、土地细碎化与我国的粮食生产[J]. 中国农村观察, 1996(3): 31-36. [32] Wan G H, Cheng E J. Effects of land fragmentation and returns to scale in the Chinese farming sector[J]. Applied Economics, 2001, 33: 183-194. [33] 张尹君杰, 卓建伟. 土地细碎化的正面与负面效应的双重论证[J]. 江西农业大学学报: 社会科学版, 2008, 7(4): 25-29. [34] 苏旭霞, 王秀清. 农用地细碎化与农户粮食生产[J]. 中国农村经济, 2002(4): 22-28. [35] 王秀清, 苏旭霞. 农地细碎化对农业生产的影响——以山东省莱西市为例[J]. 农业技术经济, 2002(2): 2-7. [36] 田传浩, 陈宏辉, 贾生华. 农地市场对耕地零碎化程度的影响——理论与来自苏浙鲁的经验[J]. 经济学: 季刊, 2005, 4 (3): 769-784. [37] 谭淑豪, Nico Heerink, 曲福田. 土地细碎化对中国东南部稻农技术效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39(12): 2467-2473. [38] 刘涛, 曲福田, 金晶, 等. 土地细碎化、土地流转对农户土地利用效率的影响[J]. 资源科学, 2008, 30(10): 1511-1516. [39] 侯方安. 耕地细碎化对农业机械化的影响研究[J]. 中国农机化, 2009(2): 68-72. [40] Tan S H, Nico H, Gideon K, et al. Do fragmented landholdings have higher production costs? Evidence from rice farmers in northeastern Jiangxi Province, P. R. China[J]. China Economic Review, 2008, 19(3): 347-358. [41] 黄贤金, 尼克·哈瑞柯, 鲁尔特·卢本, 等. 中国农村土地市场运行机理分析[J]江海学刊, 2001(2): 9-15. [42] 温铁军. "三农问题"世纪反思[J]. 科学决策, 2001(l): 2-6. [43] 王兴稳, 钟甫宁. 土地租赁市场与土地细碎化——基于江苏兴化市、黑龙江宾县两地调查[J]. 江西农业学报, 2008, 20(6): 133-136. [44] 钟甫宁, 王兴稳. 现阶段农地流转市场能减轻土地细碎化程度吗?——来自江苏兴化和黑龙江宾县的初步证据[J]. 农业经济问题, 2010(1): 23-33. [45] 顾宜. 土地开发整理中的权属管理研究[J]. 长春大学学报, 2010, 20(5): 7-11. [46] 杨庆媛, 涂建军, 廖和平, 等. 国外土地整理: 性质、研究领域及借鉴[J]. 绿色中国, 2004(12): 49-52. [47] Wu Z P, Liu M Q, John D. Land consolidation and productivity in Chinese household crop production[J]. China Economic Review, 2005, 16(1): 28-49. [48] 王延强, 陈利根. 农户集中居住对农地细碎化程度的影响[J]. 农村经济, 2008(10): 6-9.