自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 353-363.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.03.001

• 资源利用与管理 •    下一篇

近20年来黑河干流中游地区土地利用/覆被变化及驱动力定量研究

李传哲1,2, 于福亮1,2, 刘佳1,2, 严登华1,2, 周婷1,2   

  1. 1. 中国水利水电科学研究院 水资源研究所,北京 100038;
    2. 水利部 水资源与水生态工程技术研究中心,北京 100038
  • 收稿日期:2010-03-09 修回日期:2010-10-19 出版日期:2011-03-20 发布日期:2011-03-20
  • 作者简介:李传哲(1983- ),男,湖北监利人,博士,主要从事水资源合理配置、土地利用/覆盖变化、气候变化的水文响应等方面的研究。E-mail:lichuanzhe@iwhr.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2010CB951102);国家科技支持计划项目(2007BAB28B01和2008BAB42B03);国家自然科学基金项目(50709042)。

Research on Land Use/Cover Change and Its Driving Force in Midstream of the Heihe Mainstream Basin during the Past 20 Years

LI Chuan-zhe1,2, YU Fu-liang1,2, LIU Jia1,2, YAN Deng-hua1,2, ZHOU Ting1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;
    2. Research Center of Water Resources & Ecology of the Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100038, China
  • Received:2010-03-09 Revised:2010-10-19 Online:2011-03-20 Published:2011-03-20

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摘要： 黑河干流水量统一调度实施后(即2000年以后),流域干流中游地区用水量在时空上进一步受到限制。为此,研究黑河干流中游地区土地利用/覆被变化过程及其驱动力,尤其是黑河水量统一调度以来的生态环境问题,对研究区可持续发展具有重要意义。研究表明:①研究区土地利用发生了较大变化,1985—2000年,耕地、林地、城乡工矿居民用地逐渐增加,而草地、水域、未利用土地不断减少,2000—2005年耕地、城乡工矿居民用地逐渐增加,而草地、林地、水域、未利用土地不断减少;②黑河流域干流水量统一调配以来,一方面研究区可用水量进一步减少,另一方面研究区耕地短时间增加较快,研究区生态环境有退化的迹象,草地、林地、水域面积呈现减少趋势,变化率分别为2.14%、7.36%和3.69%;③1985—2000年土地利用类型主要呈现耕地和城乡工矿居民用地、耕地和未利用土地之间的相互转换,草地转为耕地,2000—2005年,土地利用类型主要呈现未利用土地转为耕地,草地和耕地之间相互转换;④土地利用程度变化存在明显的区域差异,以甘州区变化最大;⑤研究区土地利用/覆被变化的主要驱动力为社会经济因子,包括人口增长、经济社会发展等,2000年黑河流域水量统一调配以后,中游可利用水量的约束直接影响着研究区的土地利用变化。

关键词: 土地利用/覆被变化, 水量调度, 黑河干流中游地区

Abstract: Since water allocation scheme in the Heihe River Basin (HRB) between Gansu Province and Inner Mongolia was executed after 2000, water use in the midstream in the HRB was limited by space-time restriction. Therefore, it is important to analyze the land use/cover change and driving force, and the problem of eco-environment. The results were as follows: 1) The land use structure changed greatly in the study area. From 1985 to 2000, farmland, woodland, residential and industrial land increased while grassland, water area and unused land decreased; from 2000 to 2005, farmland, residential and industrial land continued to increase, while the remaining land use types decreased. 2) Since the execution of the water allocation scheme in the HRB, the ecological environment deteriorated more quickly, the main reasons of which may be that the available water decreased and the farmland area increased quickly in such a short period. Grassland, woodland and water area decreased obviously, and the change ratios of grassland, woodland and water area were 2.14%, 7.36% and 3.69%, respectively. 3) From 1985 to 2000, the major patterns of land use change were mutual conversion of farmland and residential and industrial land, mutual conversion of farmland and unused land, the conversions of grassland to farmland; from 2000 to 2005, the major patterns of land use change were the conversions of unused land to farmland, mutual conversion of grassland and farmland. 4) There were obvious spatial differences in land use degree changes, and the greatest change took place in Ganzhou County. 5) The main forces of land use changes in the study area are population growth and economic development. However, the amount of the available water resources of the HRB influenced the land use changes more significantly after 2000.

Key words: land use/cover change, water regulation, midstream of Heihe mainstream basin

中图分类号: 

  • F301.24