关键词: 取暖用能, 热舒适性, 趋势面模型, 小康标准, 热效率, 黄土丘陵地区

Abstract: The winter temperatures are almost below zero degree Celsius in loess hilly area of Gansu Province, where rural households could not obtain enough heat to comfort farmers through heating. In this research, we obtained the data of temperature change and energy consumption through observation and record in two villages of the region, set up trend surface models and calculated accumulated temperature differences in the heating period. We proposed indoor temperature of 16℃ as a well-off living standard of rural household heating. According to relevant national standards, we compared the thermal efficiencies between actual energy consumption and theoretic consumption under energy-saving technology used. The results are as follows: accumulated temperature differences of Zhangguan Village and Hepan Village in heating period are 23002 h·℃ and 36390 h·℃, and actual energy consumption are 926 kgce/a and 1199 kgce/a respectively, which only meet 39.6% and 46.6% demands of household heating under the well-off standard. Integrated thermal efficiency of energy consumption for household heating is only about 17%. If energy-saving technology was applied, both actual energy consumption and that under 16℃ would be substantially reduced. Therefore, the potential for improving integrated thermal efficiency is enormous. We consider that raising heat retention of houses and reducing heat loss per unit area through houses’ energy saving reconstruction and improving heating appliance are the main direction to solve household heating issues.

Key words: energy for household heating, thermal comfort, trend surface model, well-off living standard, thermal efficiency, loess hilly area