关键词: 土地复垦, 临时用地, 复垦决策, 高速铁路

Abstract: High-speed railway plays an important role in reducing the distance between metropolises and boosting regional economy, but it occupies and destroys a certain amount of land resources inevitably as well. How to control and reduce the negative effects brought by high-speed railway constructions has become a key problem that both the administrative management and project construction department must confront and resolve. According to the features of temporary land, the linear construction characteristics and specific restrictions of service radius determine the unavoidability of occupying cultivated land; engineering characteristics of heavy load and strong quality result in the seriousness of temporary land damage. However, the problems we must face up to now are the shortage of land resources, the hindrance from protecting the cultivated land and the contradiction between supply and demand, which impose our imperative regulatory managements on high-speed railway. Moreover, we should take control of land damage from the fountainhead, reduce occupied area of arable land and lastly carry the protection into practice qualitatively and quantitatively through temporary site selecting and programming. Increasingly advanced science and technology level provides basic possibility for reclamation of the temporary land. Although reclamation is difficult from the technique, there is no technical bottleneck in temporary land reclamation itself. However, the land reclamation effort is not ideal. The economic cost is relatively high from the aspect of the investment estimation for the temporary land reclamation, especially in the field of beam, plate, mixing station and solid foundation and high rigid of temporary facilities. From the perspective of land management policy requirements, recent policy documents should make breakthroughs in compulsory requirement of the land temporarily occupied land reclamation, but it makes only direction guidance, short of clear operation rules and bring some obstacles for the actual practice. Based on summarizing temporary construction land types and features of the land destruction, this study establishes an analytical framework for the use of temporary land reclamation, and takes the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway in Changzhou as an example of the empirical analysis. The results show that affected by soil source, spoil site and other limitations, reclaiming beam field, slab factory and mixing station to cultivated land is quite difficult and the investment is too high. To benefit from a sound regional development planning, good location and infrastructure conditions, the above-mentioned temporary lands development to construction use land is more appropriate. Taking into account the convergence of land management policies, temporary land location analysis and reclamation suitability assessment should be included in the project permanent land use approval review process. Temporary land siting control, planning permission control, engineering damage control and reclamation decision control should be strengthened as well.

Key words: land reclamation, temporary construction land, reclamation decision, high-speed railwa