关键词: 土地利用, 尺度效应, 影响因子, 空间化, 福建省龙海市

Abstract: Land use patterns are governed by a broad variety of potential driving forces and constraint which act over a large range of scales.It has been recognized that the types and effects of land use drivers may vary with spatial scale and multi-scale investigation of land use patterns which is essential for fully understanding of its complexity.The main purpose of this paper was to perform a multi-scale analysis of land use patterns of Longhai City in Fujian province by means of statistical analysis on the basis of bio-geophysical,socio-economic and infrastructural conditions.Twenty-three variables were selected as the candidate land use drivers and 9 main land use types were considered.Land use data was derived from the 1∶10000 survey map,terrain data from the 1∶50000 DEM,accessibility data,i.e.distance to the nearest rural road,is derived from 1∶10000 distribution map of rural road,river,residential area,etc.But socio-economic data such as population census data was collected based on the administration areas.As a result,the spatial distribution of population data on cells was conducted based on the analysis of the relationship between population density and its influencing factors.The basic spatial organization in the analysis was a 100×100m geographical grid.Through aggregations of these cells,a total of 20 artificial aggregation levels were obtained.The independent of 9 main land use types,namely paddy field,dry land,garden plot,woodland,town land,agricultural residential area,industrial land,water body and unused land,were constructed at multiple scales respectively. The results showed that:(1)Land use models varied with aggregation level,indicating spatial scale effects.Independent variables explained more of the variance for the explanation of land use type at higher aggregation levels.Relationships obtained at a certain scale of analysis may not be directly applied at other scales.The variables included in the models and their relative importance also varied between land use types,different studying year of 1996 and 2000,respectively.(2)The distribution of paddy field was mainly restricted by slope,distance to the nearest rural road or city,aspect,agricultural population density whose influences increase with scale,elevation and distance to the nearest cover river whose influences occurs only in the medium or small aggregation levels.For garden plot,elevation,distance to the nearest coast or fresh water sea-route is the highest ranking variables and their contributions increase with aggregation levels.Slope,distance to the nearest town or line-river or city are the second ranking variables.For woodland,slope and distance to city or town are the most leading variables at almost all aggregation levels.Important variable also includes elevation at lower aggregation levels.Variables of distance to the nearest highroad or low road or residential areas contribute to the models to a certain extent and their contributions increase with aggregation levels.Industrial land is mainly related with distance to the nearest fresh water sea-route,total population density,distance to the nearest coast or road,slope and distance to the nearest city whose influence all increases with aggregation levels.Most land use types in Longhai City were restricted by topographic factors while topography changes little along with time.It is argued that these types of analyses can support the quantitative multi-scale understanding of land use,needed for the spatially explicit land use change models.

Key words: land use, scale effect, driving force, spatialization, Longhai County