自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (5): 709-716.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2006.05.004

• 资源管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

中部粮食主产区城镇化进程中农村土地变化的GIS分析和对策研究——以江西省为例

董锁成1, 齐晓明1,2, 范振军3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;
    2. 国家民族事务委员会民族问题研究中心,北京100800;
    3. 中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
  • 收稿日期:2006-03-22 修回日期:2006-05-31 出版日期:2006-10-25 发布日期:2006-10-25
  • 作者简介:董锁成(1962)，男，甘肃省平凉市人，首席研究员，博士生导师，主要从事区域经济、生态经济、资源经济研究；主持和参加完成国家科技攻关、国家自然科学基金、中国科学院和省、部级重点研究项目40多项；任中国资源学会常务理事兼资源经济研究专业委员会主任，中国生态经济学会常务理事兼区域生态经济专业委员会副主任；联合国人居署全球人居研究顾问委员会委员；发表和出版论著.150余篇（部）；获部级科技进步奖3项，国家“五个一”工程奖1项。
  • 基金资助:

    南昌大学中国中部经济发展研究中心课题“中部粮食主产区城镇化进程中的农村土地问题研究”

GIS Analysis of Rural Land Use Change in the Urbanization Process,and Countermeasures:A Case Study of Jiangxi Province

DONG Suo-cheng1, QI Xiao-ming1,2, FAN Zhen-jun3   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;
    3. Ethnic Issues Research Center of State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Beijing 100800,China
  • Received:2006-03-22 Revised:2006-05-31 Online:2006-10-25 Published:2006-10-25

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摘要： 以中部地区的江西省为例,在分析其粮食产量变化轨迹基础上,选取1980、1995、2000年3个年份经过解译的LandsatTM遥感影像土地利用数据,应用GIS软件提取各年份土地利用类型及其面积数据,分析不同土地利用类型的变化轨迹,以及农业用地向城镇建设用地转变的面积及其分布。江西省的粮食总产量1978年开始不断提高,1985年后,年粮食总产量随年播种面积变化的趋势较明显,即播种面积高的年份,粮食的总产量也高。GIS分析结果显示,改革开放以来江西省绝大部分地区都出现了农业用地向城镇建设用地转变的现象,鄱阳湖平原地区成为农业用地向城镇建设用地转变的集中地区,农业用地向城镇建设用地转变较大的土地利用单元出现于京九铁路、浙赣铁路和湘赣铁路等交通沿线的大、中型城市周围。城镇化导致了耕地大面积减少,从而影响了粮食产量,协调对策主要有提高播种面积,引种优良作物品种,提高农民的种粮积极性等。

关键词: 中部地区, 江西省, 城镇化, 土地利用

Abstract: The process of urbanization causes the loss of farmland and has changed the pattern of land use type.In this article,based on the statistical data and using GIS technology,the authorsstudied the change of grain production and land use area of Jiangxi Province in Central China.After analyzing the changing process from farmland to urbanized land and their difference of spatial distribution in different stage,the following conclusions were drawn below.Firstly,the gross grain production variation of Jiangxi Province after 1978 can be divided into 3 stages,rising,stable and declining,and it was closely related with the total sown area;the area of farmland increased to 10.63×103ha in 1995 compared with that in 1980 and declined to 31.78×103ha in 2000 compared with that in 1995;the area of urban land increased 15.5×103ha in 1995 and 2.05×103ha in 2000 compared with that in 1980 and 1995 respectively,there is a tendency of continual rise but the speed of it declined a little;the conversion of farmland into urban land use widely happened,and mainly aggregated in the areas of the Boyanghu Plain and transportation lines;industrialization and urbanization speed the decrease tendency of farmland.Secondly,from now on,the changes of farmland into other forms of land use will speed up,and will occur apparently in the areas of the Boyanghu Plain and transportation lines.Thirdly,the suggestion for harmonizing the development of grain production and urbanization can be concluded as:protecting the basic farmland,making the policies that benefit the farmers most in order to stimulate their positivity of increasing the sown area,planting the crops with high quality and yield,accelerating the development of large or medium-sized cities,etc.

Key words: Central China, Jiangxi Province, urbanization, land use