自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 432-440.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2006.03.013

• 资源生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

海湾资源开发的累积生态效应研究

林桂兰1,2, 左玉辉1   

  1. 1. 南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,南京210093;
    2. 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005
  • 收稿日期:2005-09-05 修回日期:2006-01-13 出版日期:2006-06-25 发布日期:2006-06-25
  • 作者简介:林桂兰（1965），女，高工，博士研究生，从事海岸带资源3环境体系的调控与规划。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金“港湾湿地对快速城市化的响应机制及优化调控研究”(40576024)

Cumulative Ecological Effects Assessment on Resource Exploitation and Utilization in Bay

LIN Gui-lan1,2, ZUO Yu-hui1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Environment School of Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;
    2. Third Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Xiamen 361005,China
  • Received:2005-09-05 Revised:2006-01-13 Online:2006-06-25 Published:2006-06-25

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92 | 17

摘要： 通过相关性分析,筛选了地形地貌环境、水动力环境、水质和沉积质量环境、生物生态环境、景观环境等方面的累积效应以及对灾害的潜在诱发效应共六大类作为海湾资源开发累积生态效应的指示因子;然后以厦门海湾为例对各指示因子的累积效应深入分析;最后应用灰色评估模型对海湾常见资源开发类型的累积生态影响效应进行赋值评估。结果表明,六大类指示因子在时间和空间尺度上的累积效应与海湾资源的开发利用强度呈正相关关系;海湾资源开发利用的累积生态效应,在一定程度上改变了海湾资源与环境体系的结构,生物多样性降低,景观破碎,影响了自然海湾生态系统的生产力和生态服务功能,最终将影响沿海可持续发展能力。建议开发利用强度较大的海湾,借鉴生态城市的规划建设理念,布局合理的生态源、生态嵌块、生态廊道,防止资源开发利用不断加大而导致海域生态沙漠的出现。

关键词: 资源开发, 累积生态效应, 灰色评估, 海湾, 厦门湾

Abstract: The cumulative ecological effects(CEE) of natural resource exploitation and utilization in bay,including accumulative action of the same characteristic effects and cooperative action of different characteristic effects,has brought about rapid changes in productivity and eco-service function of bay ecosystem.Base on fuzzy-correlation analysis,six indices,which are cumulative effects on topographical and geomorphological environment,water dynamical environment,water and sediment quality environment,ecological environment,landscape environment,and the potential incurrence effect on disaster,are selected as indices of CCE in bay.The grey model(GM) of CCE assessment is built and applied to monitor the cumulative effects arising from regular resource exploitation and utilization in bay,and Xiamen Bay is taken as a study case.The result indicated that the six indices of CCE in bay are pro-correlated with intensity of resource exploitation and utilization,while wetland area reduction,coastal topographical and geomor-phological change,water quality and sediment quality deterioration,bio-diversity decrease,landscape pattern break,etc.,are caused mostly by resource exploitation and utilization.And the score of GM assessment on Xiamen Bay in the 50 years is 0.56,which can be taken as a reference background of CCE in bay.This result of CCE has led to changes in the structure of resource and environment system in bay to a certain extent,consequently,the intensity and frequency of disaster and potential loss is increasing,the productivity and eco-service function of natural ecosystem is impaired,and the sustainability of development will be limited eventually.It is suggested that pattern of eco-city planning should be referred to and rational distribution of eco-source,eco-patch and eco-passage shoule be practised so as to prevent the occurrence of ecological desert in the sea sector due to constant increase in resources utilization.

Key words: resource exploitation and utilization, cumulative ecological effects, grey model of assessment, Xiamen Bay