自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (6): 858-863.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2005.06.008

• 资源利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆玛纳斯河流域水资源及水文循环二元分化研究

张军民   

  1. 1. 石河子大学师范学院地理系, 新疆石河子 832003;
    2. 兰州大学资源环境学院, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2005-03-22 修回日期:2005-08-10 出版日期:2005-12-25 发布日期:2005-12-25
  • 作者简介:张军民(1964-),男,新疆石河子人,教授,博士生,主要研究全球变化与区域可持续发展.
  • 基金资助:

    科技部软科学项目(2004DGS3D032);国家社科基金(05BJL035)

Study on the Two Dimensional Division of Water Resources and Hydrologic Cycle in Manas River Valley of Xinjiang

ZHANG Jun-min   

  1. 1. Department of Geography, Teacher College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China;
    2. College of Earth and Environment Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2005-03-22 Revised:2005-08-10 Online:2005-12-25 Published:2005-12-25

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被引次数

32 | 7

摘要： 根据已有的分布式水文循环模型及水文监测资料统计分析得出,玛纳斯河流域绿洲引用水对2000m以上的山地暂无影响,但人工绿洲却在平原区水资源再生循环竞争中居于优势地位,人工补给已占总补给量的73.5%,人工开采已占总排泄量的41.78%,平原区水循环发生了以人工水循环为主导的二元分化。人工绿洲、天然绿洲、过渡带和荒漠间生态统一性出现无序化趋势,人工绿洲水分垂向循环加强,蒸发下渗量加大,而天然绿洲及过渡带水平方向径流通量减少,可利用生态水量大幅减少,造成绿洲-荒漠生态呈现出对抗趋势。

关键词: 水资源, 二元分化, 水文循环, 玛纳斯河流域

Abstract: The Manas river valley has an integrated and independent hydrogeologic unit,topog-raphic composition,and ecologic differentiated structure,which form the typical movement rule and conversion law of water resources and water cycle in the interior drainage basins.The intensive and high-efficient exploitation of water resources has changed the course of water cycle and unity of ecologic service functions from the cycle course and cycle peculiarity,hence leading to the two dimensional division of oasis water resource,and hydrologic cycle.The growth and decline from the natural cycle to the human one change the time-space distribution and transformation conditions of water resources between the natural oasis,human oasis and the transitional zone.According to the existing distributive hydrologic cycle model and hydrologic monitoring statistical data,oasis used water resources didn't affect the mountain area over 2 000 m,but the man-made oasis has acquired the competitive advantage in the cycle of regeneration of water resources in the plain area.Based on extensive statistic data analysis,man-made water supply has occupied 73.5% of the total volume supplied,and man-made exploitation amount has occupied 41.78% of the total output.Hence the plain area hydrologic cycle has brought about two dimensional division dominated by the man-made hydrologic cycle.The ecologic entity between the man-made oasis,natural oasis and the transitional belt,and desert belt has taken on a no-sequence trend.The vertical hydrologic cycle of man-made oasis has been enhanced and evaporation and infiltration intensified.At the same time the horizontal discharge of natural oasis and the transitional belt has decreased and the available eco-water lessened.This change has resulted in an antagonistic tendency between oasis-desert ecosystem.Such a study can provide the scientific basis for the reasonable allocation and sustainable utilization of water resources in arid region.

Key words: water resources, two dimension division, hydrology circle, Manas watershed

中图分类号: 

  • P641.8