关键词: 绿洲水资源, 可持续利用, 调控, 对策

Abstract: Aiming at some problems about the water resource shortage,with its dyn amic change and distribution under different time and space scales,and its impac t on the social,economic,ecological development and evolvement in the oasis of t he Heihe River Basin,this paper makes a systemic analysis and an in,depth study for gaining innovative development on the conception, countermeasures,and ways o f sustainable utilization of water resources.Reasearch results indicate that the key reasons affecting social,economic,ecological development and sustainable ut ilization of water resources are idea renewal,reasonable population regulation a nd control,appropriate high efficient utilization of water and so on.At the same time,we should also rationally face the long,term,complicated,and arduous cours e in the maintenance of the ecosystem stabilization and environment improvement. Taking the river basin as a whole,the embodiment of the main characteristics in sustainable exploitation and utilization of the water resources,is to possess pr oper proportions and supply of the water resources for keeping social,economic a nd ecological sustainable development in each district.For instance,the availabl e water resource is more abundant within the scope of a certain time and space,a nd its sustainable utilization level should be higher;however,even though some p roblems beyond anticipation may still occur.Besides,due to characteristics of th e higher openness,dynamic condition,fragibility,etc.,of the river basin and the oasis system that determine the unbalanced time,space distribution and the unsta bility of the water resources in different sections of the river basin,greater d ifferences in social,economic,ecological development should be resulted in each district.Therefore,sustainable exploitation and utilization of water resources s hould follow the principle of moderate development between nature and mankind so ciety. First of all,a series of feasible population development programs and the reasonable socio,economic development ways should be worked out.And then full e xert the human's subjective ability in the course of searching for the effectiv e countermeasures and techniques/ways should be brought into full play.Specific measures are to renew and change the traditional development principle and conce pt relating to society,economic and population;reasonably adjust and control wat er resources and practise reasonable water allocation of the district;promote th e application and development of the water saving techniques;and establish and perfect water resources scientific management system with the commercialized mar ket operation system in Heihe River Basin.

Key words: oasis water resource, sustainable utilization, adjust and control, co untermeasure