自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 20-26.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2005.01.004

• 资源利用与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

水管理:理论及手段

沈大军   

  1. 1. 中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100044;
    2. 南昌大学中国中部经济发展研究中心, 南昌 330047
  • 收稿日期:2004-05-08 修回日期:2004-09-06 出版日期:2005-02-25 发布日期:2005-02-25
  • 作者简介:沈大军(1969-),男.浙江慈溪人.高工.博士.从事水资源管理研究.
  • 基金资助:

    南昌大学中国中部经济发展研究中心资助.

Water Management: Theory and Method

SHEN Da-ju   

  1. 1. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China;
    2. Central China Economic Development Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
  • Received:2004-05-08 Revised:2004-09-06 Online:2005-02-25 Published:2005-02-25

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37 | 1

摘要： 论文讨论水管理的理论基础及管理手段,并提出管理手段的评价准则。水管理是由水循环和水的开发利用特性所决定的。水资源管理的目的是为了避免“公共地悲剧”,水服务管制是为了公共利益和管制自然垄断,水环境管制是因为外部性。水管理的手段,一般可分为两类:外部进入限制和内部激励机制。对于成功的水管理,这两者缺一不可。对于水管理手段的评价,应采用效果、效率、公正和适应性4个指标。

关键词: 水管理, 理论, 管理手段

Abstract: Management of water arises from the water cycle and water development & use. The interactions between water cycle and water development & use define the three management areas in water:resources management,service regulation and environment management.The resources management aims to avoid the "tragedy of the commons" in water resources;the service regulation is for the public benefits and control of natural monopoly; the environment manage-ment is to overcome the externality.In managing water,two types of instruments are employed:the entry restrictions and economic incentives.While assessing the application of these management tools, effectiveness, efficiency,justice and adaptability are four criteria.

Key words: water management, theory, instruments

中图分类号: 

  • F205