自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2004, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6): 738-746.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2004.06.008

• 资源保护与利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土高原旱塬地冬小麦水分生产潜力与土壤水分动态的模拟研究

李军1,2, 邵明安1,3, 张兴昌1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院、水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室 陕西杨凌712100;
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;
    3. 西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100
  • 收稿日期:2004-05-23 修回日期:2004-08-04 出版日期:2004-12-25 发布日期:2004-12-25
  • 作者简介:李军（1964～），男，甘肃泾川人，博士，副教授，主要从事旱区农业资源开发与区域发展、高效耕作制 度、作物生产系统模拟与决策等方面的科研与教学工作。E-mail: lijun@ms.iswc.ac.cn,nwlijun@public.xa.sn.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000018605);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40025106);国家自然科学基金项目(40371077);陕西省自然科学研究计划项目(2001SM13)

Simulation of water potential productivity of winter wheat and soil water dynamics on rainfed highland of the Loess Plateau

LI Jun1,2, SHAO Mingan1,3, ZHANG Xingchang1,2   

  1. 1. State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China;
    2. Northwest Sci tech University of Agriculture and Forestry,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100,China;
    3. Institute of Geographic Sciencesand Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China
  • Received:2004-05-23 Revised:2004-08-04 Online:2004-12-25 Published:2004-12-25

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107 | 31

摘要： 在EPIC模型介绍和模拟精度验证的基础上,利用EPIC模型对黄土高原旱塬地冬小麦水分生产潜力和土壤水分动态进行了中期(12a)和长期(30a)评价定量模拟研究。结果表明:(1)在12a实时气象条件下的模拟时段内,旱塬地小麦水分生产潜力随降水量变化呈现波动性降低趋势,3m土层土壤有效含水量也表现为剧烈波动性和逐渐下降趋势,土壤干燥化趋势明显;(2)在30a模拟气象条件下的模拟时段内,旱塬地小麦水分生产潜力呈现波动性轻微降低趋势,3m土层土壤有效含水量季节性和年际间波动性显著,但土壤干燥化趋势并不明显;(3)综合分析认为,在降水量减少幅度不显著的情况下,旱塬地麦田土壤干燥化只是一种短期现象,不会导致长期性土壤强烈干燥化现象发生,但产量随降水量变化的波动性不可避免。

关键词: 冬小麦, 水分生产潜力, 土壤水分动态, EPIC模型, 模拟, 黄土高原

Abstract: Based on introduction,calibration and validation,the EPIC model was used to simulate water potential productivity (WPP) of winter wheat and soil water dynamics on rainfed highland at Changwu of the Loess Plateau for medium term (12 years) and long term (30 years) assessment simulation research respectively.The results show that:1)during the 12 year simulation period under real time weather conditions,WPP of winter wheat on rainfed highland fluctuates and decliness along with precipitation changes,crop available soil water amount in 3m soil layer also fluctuates and declines evidently,and trend of soil desiccation is remarkable;2)during 30 year simulation period under simulated weather conditions,WPP of winter wheat on rainfed highland fluctuates along with precipitation but declines slightly,crop available soil water amount in 3m soil layer fluctuates seasonally and annually,but without remarkable soil desiccation;and 3)after integrated analysis,it is thought that soil desiccation of wheat field on rainfed highland is a short time phenomenon and usually won't continue long if decline trend of precipitation is insignificant,but fluctuation of wheat yield along with precipitation change is inevitable.

Key words: winter wheat, water potential productivity, soil water dynamics, EPIC model, simul ation, the Loess Plateau