关键词: 海洋矿产资源, 海沙资源勘探和管理, 海洋地球物理勘探, 第四纪地层, 声波浑浊, 香港

Abstract: Exploitation of marine sand ranks today as the world second most important marine mining activity after oil extraction.Since the1980s,the Hong Kong Government spent about HK$170million and carried out a series of exploration activities of marine sand resources for coastal reclamation fill material.About 740×10⁶m³ of marine sand in22sites were revealed in1828km² of Hong Kong waters,of which420×10⁶m³ in9sites have been set aside by the Gov-ernment as their thick cover,seriously contaminated cover or environmentally too sensitive to dredge is suitable for exploration.From1990to the end of2002,about 270×10⁶m³ of marine sand have been dredged from areas of seabed in Hong Kong to provide50%of the fill material for reclama tion,totaling2,100ha of new land.Based on data of marine geophysical investigation and marine drilling,Quaternary sequence stratigraphy and geological model of marine sand occur-rence in Hong Kong waters was established,acoustic turbidity on the seismic reflection profiles associated with Holocene marine sediments with gas was revealed and tested.The Hong Kong Government took the policy of unified exploration and unified management for marine sand re-sources,placed em phasis on environmental and ecological impact assessments for sand dredging,used exhausted marine sand borrow pits for disposal of uncontaminated mud and contaminated mud.All the above exploration achievements and management experience can be used for impor-tant reference of marine sand exploration and management in other places of China.

Key words: marine mineral resources, marine sand resources exploration and management, ma-rine geophysical prospecting, Quaternary stratigraphy, acoustic turbidity, Hong Kong