自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2001, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 22-27.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2001.01.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地水资源利用与绿洲演变及生态平衡

樊自立, 马英杰, 季方, 王让会   

  1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2000-01-11 修回日期:2000-05-09 出版日期:2001-02-25 发布日期:2001-02-25
  • 作者简介:樊自立(1938-),男,陕西三原人,研究员,多年来主要从事干旱区资源与环境方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院资源与生态环境重大项目(K2951-B1-213);国家重大基础研究435项目(G1999043509)

Relations retween exploitation-utilization of water resources and oasis evolution and ecological balance in tarim Basin

FAN Zi li, MA Ying jie, JI Fang, WANG Rang hui   

  1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
  • Received:2000-01-11 Revised:2000-05-09 Online:2001-02-25 Published:2001-02-25

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被引次数

68 | 14

摘要： 按塔里木盆地水资源开发利用的历史、现状及未来发展,其与绿洲演变和生态平衡的关系为:原始阶段———生态自然平衡,古绿洲分布在河流下游;初级阶段———生态平衡失调,旧绿洲移向山前平原;低效阶段———生态环境恶化,新绿洲多分布在旧绿洲外围;合理阶段———生态恢复改善,绿洲由外延转向内部挖潜;高效阶段———生态实现良性循环,绿洲面积稳定生产力显著提高。现塔里木盆地水资源利用仅为低效阶段,必须加速水利建设,尽快实现合理、高效利用,才能使生态环境得到改善。

关键词: 塔里木盆地, 水资源利用, 绿洲分布, 生态平衡

Abstract: The relations between the history,present situation and future development of exploitation and utilization of water resources and the oasis evolution and ecological balance in Tarim River are as following:In the original stage,the ecology was in a natrual balance,and the oases were distributed at the lower reaches of the rivers; in the primary stage,the ecology was in a unbalanced state,and the oases were moved towards the piedmont plains; in the inefficient stage,the eco environment is degenerated,and most of the new oases are distributed in the peripheries of the old oases; in the rational stage,the ecology will be recovered and improved,and the extension of the oases will be changed to tap the potentialities in the oases; and in the efficient stage, a virtuous circle of the eco logy will be achieved,the area of the oases will be stabilized,and the productive forces will be obviously raised.At present,the utilization of water resources in Tarim Basin is only in an inefficient level,and the pace of constructing irrigation works must be quickened so as to achieve the rational and efficient utilization of water resources as early as possible,thus the eco environment can be improved.

Key words: Tarim River, utilization of water resources, distribution of oases, ecological balance

中图分类号: 

  • TV213