自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2000, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 24-30.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2000.01.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国河道外用水变化趋势分析

贺伟程, 张象明, 卢琼   

  1. 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所,北京100044
  • 收稿日期:1999-03-28 修回日期:1999-09-20 出版日期:2000-03-25 发布日期:2000-03-25
  • 作者简介:贺伟程(1933-),男,湖南省衡南县人,教授级高级工程师,国家有突出贡献专家,北京市人民政府 专家顾问团顾问,长期从事水资源科研工作。

Analysis of trend of out-stream water use in China

HE Weicheng, ZHANG Xiangming, LU Qiong   

  1. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:1999-03-28 Revised:1999-09-20 Online:2000-03-25 Published:2000-03-25

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摘要： 以1980、1993、1997三年的全国性河道外用水调查统计数据为依据 ,结合有关社经资料 ,全面系统分析了全国及各流域片的用水总量、用水组成、用水指标的变化趋势。从1980年至1997年 ,全国总用水量由4437亿m3 增加到5566亿m3,平均每年增加66 4亿m3,年均递增率为1 34 % ;用水组成有明显变化 ,农业用水比例由83 4 %下降到70 4 % ,工业用水比例由10 3 %上升到20 2% ,生活用水比例由6 3 %上升到9 4 % ;人均综合用水量变化不大 ,稳定在450m3左右 ;综合用水效率不断提高 ,万元GDP(1980年不变价)用水量由9820m3 下降到2410m3。

关键词: 河道外用水, 用水组成, 用水指标, 变化趋势

Abstract: On the basis of nation wide statistical data of out stream water use surveyed for 1980,1993 and 1997,by considering relevant social and economic conditions,comprehensive and systematic analyses of trends of water use,composition of water use and indexes of water use in the whole country and various river basin(s) are made.In the period from 1980 to 1997,the total water use of the country increased to 556 6 billion cubic meters from 443 7 billion cubic meters,with a yearly increment of 6.64 billion cubic meters and an annual increase rate of 1 34% on the average.The composition of water use significantly changed.In the period,the proportion of agricultural water use decreased from 83.4% to 70.4%,that of industrial water use increased from 10.3% to 20.2%,and that of domestic water use increased from 6.3% to 9.4%.Per capita water use remained stable,around 450 cubic meters.Overall water use efficiency increasingly rose,with a drop of water use per 10,000 yuan GDP(constant price of 1980) from 9,820 cubic meters to 2,410 cubic meters.

Key words: out stream water use, composition of water use, index of water use, trend