关键词: 冬小麦, 黄淮海平原, 水浇地, 气候资源利用, 光能利用率, 春玉米, 春大豆, 旱地两熟, 一年两熟, 水分利用效率

Abstract: Studies on the characteristics of climatic resource were made with different cropping systems both on irrigated and rainfed plots and different climatic types in three places, Beijing, Quzhou, Huaiyang, located on the northern fringe, in the central and southern parts of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plains, respectively. The results indicate that the efficiency of solar energy application of double cropping on irrigated land increased by 98-111% in all the places, as compared to single cropping. On rainfed land, however, the efficiency increased only 35% in Beijing, on the northern fringe of the plains, and 98-100% on the southern plains (Huaiyang).Systematic observations indicated that the soil moisture in the top 1 m soil layer on the rainfed land during the winter wheat growth at Huaiyang was higher than that on irrigated land in Beijing.The analysis of the ratio of solar energy utilization indicated that if the precipitation and heat were not enough to meet the need of the growth of crops and the value of Leaf Area Index (LAI) was small, more attention should be paid to increasing the value; otherwise, growth season would be delayed. In the case of the latter, double cropping had many advantages than single cropping for raising the efficiency of climatic resource.The study of components of productivity was made based on the natural and artificial energy with the energy intercepted by crops.