Under the goal of common prosperity, how to achieve innovative rural development by utilizing rural tourism resources is an important topic of rural research in the new era. Eight scholars from the fields of geography, tourism, management, and other fields discussed the innovative development of rural tourism and the realization of common prosperity goals from different perspectives, including resources, participants, and mechanisms. Specifically: in terms of resource utilization, it is necessary to attach importance to the inheritance and utilization of rural intangible cultural heritage and empower the development of rural tourism resources with art, at the same time, solve rural problems through the development of digital economy. As for participation subjects, we should emphasize the importance of enterprises, and continue to improve the distribution mechanism between the enterprise and the rural community. In the innovative utilization of rural tourism resources, we should build a mechanism system related to both rural industry development and residents' well-being and pay more attention to the spatial value of rural tourism resources. On this basis, rural areas should continue to promote a new development model including tourism development, rural revitalization, urban-rural integration and common prosperity.
The creative utilization of resources is an important foundation and key driving force for rural tourism to promote common prosperity, as well as a major scientific issue and practical demand. The interview shows that rural tourism is developing vigorously, but there are still some practical problems such as insufficient understanding, unclear mechanisms and limited promotion effect. Given that the weaknesses and potential of common prosperity are all in the countryside, we should continue to pay attention to them from different perspectives. To solve the above problems, we should clarify the connotation and driving logic of the theory of rural tourism promoting common prosperity, innovate the rural tourism industry system, and build a model and realization mechanism for promoting common prosperity based on the practice of villagers' participation mechanism and endogenous power cultivation, cultural resources protection and inheritance and the promotion mechanism for common prosperity of spiritual life, digital empowerment mechanism and path, tourism income distribution system reform, spatial effect and land use optimization; and we also should promote balanced, coordinated and inclusive development. This paper aims to provide theoretical support and application basis for the creative use of rural tourism resources and the promotion of common prosperity.
To discuss the development trend of rural tourism in the new stage of solidly promoting common prosperity, we should continue to strengthen the service role of rural tourism from the perspective of reform. Starting from the practical logical framework of developing rural tourism, this paper makes a phased comparative analysis from the two perspectives of market development objectives and policy service objectives, which will help to find out the key issues to strengthen the policy value of rural tourism. It is found that, in the stage of combing and mining resources, to achieve the dialectical unity of market objectives and policy objectives in the view of rural tourism resources, we need to actively strengthen the positive effect of developing rural tourism, and seek to improve and enhance the detailed short board content in rural areas. In the planning and design stage of rural tourism, to scientifically solve the principal-agent problem in the cooperative development of rural tourism, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the responsibilities, rights and interests of the cooperative parties, and solve the problem of information asymmetry by improving the supervision and incentive system, enhancing information transparency, and increasing the cost of rent-seeking and breach of contract. In the stage of operation and management, we should plan and optimize the allocation of rural tourism development factors, and take multiple measures in intensive land use, attracting and cultivating professionals, diversified fund-raising, innovative technology application, etc.
Under the mission of the new era, guiding the development of rural tourism resources with the goal of common prosperity has the dual significance of enhancing the value of resources and promoting comprehensive rural revitalization. According to the logic of "development of rural tourism resources-realization of the common prosperity of rural farmers-attainment of material and spiritual prosperity of the entire society", this paper identifies the relationship between the development of rural tourism resources and common prosperity and clarifies the realistic predicament and the existing gap in achieving common prosperity. It is found that both traditional rural tourist destinations oriented by local resources and modern rural tourist destinations oriented by high-standard services are actively excavating advantageous resources and improving supporting facilities so as to adapt to market transformation. Meanwhile, two major characteristics are reflected: first, the participants of rural tourism resources have diversified cooperation, and the development mode is becoming mature; second, rural tourism has made outstanding contributions in helping reduce poverty, promoting social equity and satisfying spiritual and cultural needs, which fully fits the process of common prosperity. However, there is still a large gap between the development of rural tourism resources and the goal of common prosperity. In particular, different regions and different groups have multiple gaps in the efficiency, level and ability of development, which leads to the lack of extensive, in-depth and thorough solutions to contradictions between the unbalanced development of rural areas and the farmers' needs for a better life. Based on the the principle of "high-quality development of rural tourism, integrated development of urban and rural areas, and all-round development of people", this paper constructs an innovative path of rural tourism resources, which is composed of "effective development, collaborative development and sustainable development" to promote the high-quality transformation and development of China's rural tourism industry and help achieve common prosperity.
Rural tourism plays an important role in the development of rural economy, the realization of rural transformation and the promotion of people's prosperity, and becomes an effective way to promote rural prosperity and common prosperity in an all-round way. Taking Yuanjia village in Shaanxi province as a case, based on symbiosis theory, single case study method is adopted to construct the mechanism and path of rural tourism development promoting common prosperity through structured data analysis. The results show that: (1) The symbiotic system of rural tourism includes symbiotic unit, symbiotic mode and symbiotic environment, and presents dynamic evolution characteristics in the process of promoting common prosperity through tourism development. (2) The operation mechanism and connotation of tourism development to promote common prosperity present stage characteristics. Symbiotic unit creates symbiotic energy with the help of symbiotic environment, resulting in symbiotic energy distribution, symbiotic energy infection, and ultimately promoting symbiotic effect. (3) The realization path of tourism development promoting common prosperity reflects the co-construction and co-sharing of tourism symbiosis system. Under the leadership of grass-roots Party organizations, Yuanjia village has always promoted common prosperity through extensive absorption of tourism management talents, promotion of tourism industry upgrading and transformation, and implementation of farmers' shareholding system. This paper has positive practical significance for the high-quality development of rural tourism and the realization of common prosperity.
Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and is also a strategic goal that China needs to achieve in the middle of the 21st century. However, there are still many problems in the process of promoting common prosperity, especially in remote rural areas. Traditional villages are special rural regional units, but also a weak place to achieve the goal of common prosperity, so how to promote the realization of common prosperity in traditional villages has become an urgent scientific problem to be solved. Based on the kinetic principles of chemical catalytic reactions and urban catalysts, the catalytic mechanism of common prosperity of traditional villages driven by tourism is constructed based on the qualitative research methods such as participatory observation, in-depth interview and text analysis, and the catalytic practice path of common prosperity is explored by taking Banliang village in Hunan province as an example. The results of the study show that: (1) The tourism-driven traditional village human settlement environment system is regarded as the catalytic carrier, and the "factor injection -carrier adsorption -efficiency release" tourism-driven traditional village common prosperity dynamic mechanism is constructed. (2) The carrier of the human settlement environment system of Banliang village releases the natural ecological environment and the sustainable development of the tourism industry by adsorbing active elements, the fine layout of regional space and the multi-functional linkage of space, the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture, the leading role of administrative forces and the assistance of social cohesion, etc., so as to promote the ecological sustainability, economic development, cultural inheritance, social harmony and system improvement of Banliang village, thus gradually achieving the goal of common prosperity. The research has enriched the theoretical depth and basic logic of common prosperity, improved the development path of common prosperity of tourism-based traditional villages, and can provide reference for China to achieve the strategic goal of common prosperity of all people, which has certain theoretical and practical significance.
Digital rural construction is important to realize rural revitalization and common prosperity. Digital technology embedded in rural space is changing the development and utilization of rural resources, and provides a new path for different types of resource integration. The digital transformation of agriculture not only promotes the refinement, intelligence and informatization of agricultural production but also creates a new space for the integration of agricultural and tourism resources. This article takes the construction of digital rural areas in Conghua district of Guangzhou as a case, focuses on how the digital transformation of rural agriculture in Conghua reshapes the development and utilization of rural resources and discusses how it promotes the integration of local agriculture and tourism resources and its spatial effect. The study found that: (1) The embedding of digital technology has enabled the agricultural space in the rural areas of Conghua, Guangzhou, to expand from a single production space to a whole industry chain of "research and development-production-consumption". Not only does it realize the informationization, refinement and intelligence of agricultural development, but it also reconstructs the development mode of rural resources, thus offering the possibility of integrating agricultural tourism resources. (2) The integration of agricultural and tourism resources in Conghua takes place in two main spatial fields. The first is based on the integration of the digital landscape in the physical space. Digital infrastructure and technology-enabled placemaking constitute a new type of tourism attraction, creating unique tourism experiences for visitors and enriching tourism and leisure options. The second is the integration of digital space based on platforms. Visitors can participate in the destination experience from a distance through digital platforms, where they are not only viewers of the rural media landscape, but also participants with digital technology. (3) Digital technology promotes the integration of rural agricultural and tourism resources and drives the reshaping of rural spaces. This is mainly reflected in the promotion of agricultural space expansion, the increased countryside dependence on external space and the mediatization of rural representational space. However, there are also problems of the destruction of traditional rurality, over-reliance on externalities and homogenised development. This study can provide enlightenment for the integration and efficient utilization of rural resources under the background of digital rural construction.
Taking 31 provincial-level regions in China from 2011 to 2020 as samples, we construct the index evaluation system of rural tourism development level and regional common prosperity, empirically measure and analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of rural tourism development level and regional common prosperity in the country, and use spatial autocorrelation method to reveal their spatial correlation characteristics. At the same time, the relationship between rural tourism and regional common prosperity and its influence mechanism are analyzed and explored in depth by using spatial econometric model. The results show that: (1) China's rural tourism development level and regional common prosperity continue to steadily improve, and in geographic space present a more significant spatial clustering and correlation characteristics. (2) Rural tourism development has a significant positive impact and spatial spillover effect on regional common wealth, for every 1% increase in the development level of rural tourism in China, the local common wealth level will rise by 0.258% and the neighboring provinces by 0.126%. (3) The economic benefits, ecological and environmental benefits, and development conditions in the rural tourism grading index have positive effects on local regional common prosperity, and there are spillover effects on neighboring cities. There are different degrees of spillover effects, cultural benefits only have direct effects, and spatial benefits are not significant. (4) There are regional differences in the degree of influence of rural tourism development on regional common prosperity, among which, the central region plays a greater role in enhancing the level of common prosperity by rural tourism development.
The regional imbalance of rural tourism development is a prominent problem that restricts the common prosperity of rural areas. Based on the new challenge of common prosperity, the study transcends the single economic perspective, takes into account material and spiritual prosperity, considers absolute and relative poverty, analyzes the multi-layer space between regions and within a region, and updates the connotation of regional imbalance in rural tourism development under the guidance of macro and micro humanistic ideas. It points out the key problems of regional imbalance of rural tourism development from the perspective of common prosperity, and constructs macro, medium and micro index systems. At the macro level, development capacity is measured by ecological indicators, supply indicators and cultural indicators, development opportunities are measured by social indicators, and development results are measured by economic indicators and governance indicators. At the medium level, we measure the fairness of the development process and the sharing degree of the development results among the subjects through the level of residents' collaborative governance and the level of distribution equity, and measure the interactive relationship between residents and tourists through the level of subjective and objective value co-creation. At the micro level, residents' satisfaction is taken as the foothold, focusing on the well-being, sense of gain, sense of fairness and sense of security of residents in rural tourism areas. The research provides a new theoretical perspective and analytical tools for the dynamic, refined and quantitative study of regional imbalances, helps to enrich the theoretical connotation of rural tourism research, and provides a scientific basis and application reference for promoting the common prosperity of rural areas and the coordinated development of regional tourism.
Promoting the green development of urban and rural construction as a whole is the basic principle to achieve the goal of common prosperity. This paper adopts the combined subjective and objective weighting method to comprehensively measure the green development level of China's urban and rural construction from 2010 to 2020 from the three dimensions of green integration, green development mode and green innovation. On this basis, with the help of Dagum Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation and QAP method, this paper reveals the spatial source, evolution trend and formation mechanism of regional gap. Research findings are as follows: During the sample survey period, the green development level of urban and rural construction in China has increased steadily. Among all subsystems, the eastern region has shown significant advantages, while the green innovation level of the central and western regions and Northeast China is not optimistic. The regional gap of green development in urban and rural construction is worsening, and the gap between regions is the main source of the overall gap. The focus of narrowing the gap within regions is on Eastern and Western China. The evolution context of the green development level of urban and rural construction in the country and the four major regions is different, but the polarization trend is increasing and accompanied by the phenomenon of "the best is better". Reasonable regulation and control of the scientific and technological innovation environment gap and residents' income gap are the decisive forces to alleviate the regional imbalance of green development in urban and rural construction, while the high proportion of the secondary industry will inhibit the green development in urban and rural areas. In addition, at the regional level, the influencing factors have obvious spatial heterogeneity.
This paper constructs a theoretical framework for the coordinated development of natural resource-driven tourism urbanization and residents' happiness. Taking the natural resource-driven tourist city of Zhangjiajie as an example, it uses the coupling coordination degree model and trend analysis to examine the temporal and spatial evolution law of the coordinated development of tourism urbanization and residents' happiness in the study area from 2002 to 2020, the quadratic exponential smoothing prediction model to analyze and predict the coupling coordination degree between 2021 and 2030, and the gray correlation model to measure the main influencing factors of the coordinated development of the two. The results show that: (1) The overall level of Zhangjiajie's tourism urbanization and residents' happiness development has been continuously improved, and the state of tourism urbanization and residents' happiness has changed from the initial state of tourism urbanization lagging behind residents' happiness to a state of simultaneous development of tourism urbanization and residents' happiness; (2) The degree of coordinated development has continued to increase, and the transition from being on the verge of imbalance to good coordination has been realized, and the city is expected to enter a state of high-quality coordination in 2030; (3) Coupling coordination has significant spatial differentiation, with the characteristics of "high in the east and the south, while low in the west and the north"; (4) The influencing factors of coordinated development are mainly material foundation and guarantee, but the importance of non-material influencing factors is gradually increasing.
Rural culture is the essence and core attraction of rural tourism destinations. Exploring the phenomenon of cultural stress in rural tourism destinations and proposing the resource development model accordingly is a fundamental effort that can effectively promote the creative transformation and innovative development of rural traditional culture in the context of rural revitalization. Based on the perspective of stress ecology theory, this paper selects the typical rural tourism destination, Dongshan town, Jiangsu province, for the field survey, in-depth interview, and questionnaire research. By combining various spatial measures and mathematical-statistical methods, this study reveals rural cultural stress evolution characteristics and dynamic mechanisms and proposes an innovative development model of cultural resources in rural tourism destinations. The research finds that: (1) The spatial evolution of cultural stress in rural tourism destinations has continuity and regularity. The evolutionary characteristics of cultural stress in different dimensions differ significantly, showing path dependence and spatial locking effect generally, and these characteristics tend to be significant as the degree of tourism development improves. (2) Various factors at the individual and overall levels of the rural tourism destinations jointly constitute the external stress system of the rural culture, which influence the cultural evolution of rural tourism destination through the interaction and synergy, and then generate resistance and modification power to continuously drive the transmutation of the rural cultural system and realize the stage development. (3) Rural culture is a special ecosystem with the ability of self-organization and adjustment under stress. This paper proposes five models and strategies for the development of rural cultural resources that include restoration and conservation, revitalization and participation, equity and guidance, autonomy and innovation, and physical training and ceremonial drill. This study will provide practical guidance for the protection and development of rural cultural resources, as well as enrich theories on the high-quality development of rural tourism and promote comprehensive rural revitalization.
With the advent of post-industrial society and the implementation of rural revitalization strategy, tourism development has gradually become a key force to shape the livelihood characteristics of rural residents. However, the existing research pays little attention to the differentiated influence of tourism development on the livelihoods of rural residents. Through in-depth interviews and fieldwork, this article takes the case of Longtan village in Fujian province to explore the type division and characteristics of rural residents' livelihood under the influence of tourism development from the perspective of spatial capital theory. The results show that: (1) The formation of the characteristics of rural residents' livelihood types is affected by the spatial capital endowment, family interest demands as well as motivation for self-employment, which reflects the fundamental logic of uneven capital movement. (2) Affected by tourism development directed by government and external enterprises, the overall livelihood of rural residents has been significantly improved, but on the individual level, they use self-renewal, rent-seeking, neighborhood investment, and migration work as livelihood strategies. (3) Tourism development intensifies social inequality among rural residents within the community, and the livelihood characteristics of the four categories of residents are significantly different. This article constructs a classification framework for rural residents' livelihood characteristics and proposes a path to common prosperity through the optimization of spatial capital and balancing of interest demands. The findings can help deepen the understanding of the socioeconomic influence of tourism development in non-Western contexts and provide new insights for the sustainable development of rural tourism.
Rural tourism development can play a constructive and instrumental role in achieving sustainable livelihood and promoting common prosperity of urban, rural and regional areas. Based on the panel data samples of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2010 to 2020, the spatial spillover effect and its mechanism of rural tourism development promoting rural sustainable livelihood are analyzed from the overall and regional perspectives by using the methods of bivariate spatial autocorrelation test and spatial panel econometric model. The research indicates that the sustainable development of tourism and livelihood in rural areas of China shows the advantage locking of high-value provinces in time, and both show a spatial differentiation pattern decreasing from southeast to northwest, with significant spatial dependence and correlation between them in space. The development of rural tourism can exert its adaptability to the substitution effect of traditional livelihoods through the dual action mechanism of internal and external responses, expand the effect of empowerment, enhance the endogenous development power, realize the sustainable development of rural livelihoods in the region, and drive the sustainable development of rural livelihoods in the neighboring areas through the spatial spillover effect. Rural tourism development affects rural sustainable livelihood under the multi-dimensional factors of livelihood vulnerability, livelihood capital, livelihood resilience and livelihood results, showing regional heterogeneity with direct effects decreasing from the western to the central and eastern regions and spatial spillover effects decreasing from the central to the western and eastern regions.
To realize the common prosperity of all the people is the essential requirement and important characteristic of Chinese modernization. Taking Lujia village in Anji county, Zhejiang province as an example, this study explores the sustainable livelihood effect of integrated rural tourism development under the goal of common prosperity based on multiple linear regression analysis and grey correlation analysis. The results show that: (1) Integrated rural tourism is an effective mode for rural tourist destinations to achieve common prosperity. The development of key variables such as embedding, endogenesis, complementarity, and empowerment can establish a stable cooperation network and information network between internal and external actors in rural areas, and promote the joint efforts of multiple subjects to develop the creative inheritance and innovative development of rural resources into tourism resources, and further act on the livelihood optimization and sustainable livelihood of community residents. (2) The complementary development of integrated rural tourism in Lujia village is the most significant, followed by empowerment. The sustainable livelihood effect of comprehensive rural tourism is mainly reflected in the impact of the development of key variables such as network, complementarity and empowerment on residents' livelihood capital. (3) Integrated rural tourism has a significant impact on the livelihood development of different types of residents. Tourism-led and tourism-participating residents need to carry out livelihood optimization actions based on social network relations. Tourism specialty residents need to establish the direction of livelihood optimization based on the development of individual ability and the in-depth experience and participation of tourists. The cooperation network, empowerment and information network need to be further expanded to non-tourism participating residents, so as to promote the optimization of livelihood development and common prosperity of all residents. Based on the above analysis, this study summarizes the practical mechanism of common prosperity of rural tourist destinations from three aspects: empowerment mechanism, complementary mechanism and comprehensive driving mechanism.
The framework of sustainable livelihood has new requirements under the direction of common prosperity in the New Era. Through in-depth interviews with tourism stakeholders and analysis of online text data about the Qinglong-Caicun route (known as Sichuan-Tibet route in Southern Anhui), it is found that corridor tourism places are faced with new vulnerability challenges such as comprehensive improvement across regions, tightening of ecological constraints, continuous upgrading of consumption, impact of epidemic situation and other major public security incidents. Therefore, effective control measures are urgently needed to improve the sustainability of farmers' livelihood. Based on this, this study integrates the new barrel theory, and explores a new framework system of sustainable livelihood, which takes corridor as a fulcrum to drive more farmers in the region to get rich together. The corridor has a larger radiation area because of its larger space extension, wider participation of people and longer supply of consumption chain. By digging the livelihood boards of farmers themselves and tourist destinations, a larger "barrel" of the livelihood destiny of tourist destinations can be built. In response to the change of vulnerability, more farmers should participate in sharing to achieve both material and spiritual prosperity by tamping the fulcrum, digging the long board, enhancing the bottom board, strengthening the barrel hoop and stimulating rivets. With the extension of corridor space and brand, the potential of natural capital in tourist destinations will be further released, and more farmers will get the opportunity to participate in sharing. The integrated thinking of the new barrel provides a useful reference for other types of tourist destinations to find the "fulcrum" of sustainable development, and the new barrel regulation measures with double scales of "human" and "earth" provide a new theoretical perspective and analytical method for the sustainable research of tourist destinations.
Relying on red resources to develop rural tourism is a characteristic path for old revolutionary areas to promote common prosperity of farmers and villages. Guided by the goal of common prosperity, based on the improved sustainable livelihood framework (SLF), this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the livelihood effect of rural tourism development in the old revolutionary areas. We evaluated livelihood effects of rural tourism development by taking 10 tourism villages in Jinggang Mountains as research cases and collecting the perception data of 326 rural households. The results show that: (1) The farmers' livelihood effect of rural tourism development in the study area is generally at a moderate level; (2) The promotion of rural tourism development for the common prosperity of farmers and villages is in a process developing from the surface to the inside, and changing from explicit to endogenous features; (3) Compared with the enterprise-led homestay type, the community-led study-tour type is a more suitable model for rural tourism development in the old revolutionary areas with the connotation of common prosperity. In response to the problems of insufficient development of rural tourism industry in the study area, insufficient endogenous power of the community, and insufficient participation ability of farmers, targeted suggestions are made in terms of high-quality industrial development, innovation of governance mechanism, and increase of farmers' income.
